Topaz

Topaz is a gemstone mineral that forms in a variety of geological settings. It crystallizes in areas that are rich in aluminum, silica, and fluorine, and it can occur in a range of colours (it should be noted that a lot of topaz undergoes extra treatments to achieve its final colour eg, nearly all types of blue topaz on the market are irradiated/ heat treated, and fancy topaz colours such as Mystic topaz have in fact been coated with special chemical vapours to achieve their colourful look).

In ancient times, topaz was believed to have various mystical properties. Some people believed it to promote wisdom and strength, others that it protected the wearer from negative energy. In some cultures it was believed to be a powerful healing stone;in the old book Les Lapidaries de L'antiquite, it discusses how topaz was believed to 'protect the eyes', and if a cross was carved into the gemstone, it would 'protect the wearer at sea'. 

Topaz remains a popular gemstone, and can be found in many places around the world. It is the birthstone for November, and also the state stone of Utah in the USA. Any variety of topaz can be used as a 4th anniversary stone, whilst rare natural Imperial topaz (which is a stunning pink-orange colour) is the 23rd anniversary stone.